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El secreto del escritor de novelas: cuentos cortos

agosto 04, 2017 | 6 lectura mínima


La publicación invitada de hoy es del autor Jeff Somers . Ha publicado nueve novelas, incluyendo la serie Avery Cates de novelas de ciencia ficción negra de Orbit Books, la novela negra y desternillante Chum de Tyrus Books y, más recientemente, relatos de magia de sangre y estafas breves del Ciclo Ustari.


De lo corto a lo largo: pasando de los cuentos a las novelas

El cuento está en pleno auge últimamente. Tras un largo periodo eclipsado por la ficción más extensa, lectores, críticos y (sobre todo) productores de cine y televisión parecen estar despertando a los singulares placeres clásicos de una obra de ficción corta. Escritores como George Saunders, especializado principalmente en cuentos ( Lincoln in the Bardo fue su primera novela publicada), se han popularizado: A Visit from the Goon Squad, de Jennifer Egan, se compone de cuentos entrelazados y ganó el Premio Pulitzer en 2011. Algunas de las películas más taquilleras de los últimos años, como Arrival o El curioso caso de Benjamin Button, se han basado en cuentos. Y Amazon acaba de adquirir Electric Dreams, de Philip K. Dick, una antología basada en las obras cortas del famoso autor de ciencia ficción.

Muchos escritores evitan los cuentos. Por lo general, los cuentos no generan grandes ingresos, por lo que pueden considerarse una mala inversión del tiempo. Además, son difíciles de escribir; a diferencia de una novela, donde se pueden ir entrelazando palabras a medida que se resuelven los problemas, el formato es estricto y restringido, lo que requiere un corte riguroso y una trama eficiente.

Esta es también la razón Todo escritor que aspire a escribir y vender una novela debería escribir cuentos, y muchos.

Desafío aceptado

George RR Martin, quien ha logrado que escribir novelas extensas y prolijas parezca fácil, ofreció en una ocasión este consejo: «También sugeriría que cualquier aspirante a escritor comience con relatos cortos. Hoy en día, conozco a demasiados escritores jóvenes que intentan empezar con una novela de inmediato, o una trilogía, o incluso una serie de nueve libros. Es como empezar a escalar en roca subiendo al Everest. Los relatos cortos te ayudan a aprender tu oficio».

El hecho de que escribir un relato coherente, conmovedor y completo, sea difícil es la primera señal de que deberías hacerlo. De hecho, escribir un relato ejercita varias habilidades de escritura que beneficiarán tu escritura novelística:

Terminar. Probablemente la parte más difícil de escribir cualquier obra de ficción sea llegar al final . Los libros suelen comenzar con un arrebato de inspiración y emoción, para luego empantanarse en personajes que no parecen interesantes, tramas que no llevan a ninguna parte y la lenta y progresiva sensación de ser un impostor. Los cuentos te entrenan para llegar del principio al final sin invertir meses ni años de tu tiempo; y, como cualquier memoria muscular, física o mental, cuanto más llegues al final , más fácil te resultará en el futuro.

Eficiencia. La amplitud de las novelas (después de todo, los primeros borradores pueden ser tan flojos y recargados como queramos) fomenta la experimentación y, por usar un término científico, la improvisación . Toda esa improvisación puede aumentar el número de palabras sin hacer avanzar la historia ni aclarar las motivaciones de los personajes. El número de palabras es una métrica satisfactoria que te hace sentir que has logrado algo, independientemente de la calidad de esas palabras. Pero en un relato corto, no hay espacio para improvisaciones. Escribir la versión corta te obliga a reducir la trama , las caracterizaciones y la construcción del mundo a lo esencial, lo que hace que tu juego sea mucho más preciso.

Creatividad. Los cuentos también ofrecen una forma de plasmar ideas cuando no tienes tiempo para trabajar en una versión más larga de una idea. Haruki Murakami, autor de Kafka en la orilla y 1Q84 , entre muchas otras novelas asombrosas, dijo una vez: «Un cuento que escribí hace mucho irrumpía en mi casa en mitad de la noche, me despertaba y gritaba: '¡Oye, no es hora de dormir! ¡No puedes olvidarme, aún hay más por escribir!'. Impulsado por esa voz, me encontraba escribiendo una novela. En este sentido, también, mis cuentos y novelas conectan conmigo de una forma muy natural y orgánica». En otras palabras, a veces un cuento es solo un cuento, y a veces es la punta del iceberg de una novela.

Cuentos cortos todos los días

Al hablar del arte y el proceso de escribir, con el tiempo oirás que, si quieres mejorar, necesitas escribir todos los días o casi todos los días. Cuanto más escribas (y más leas), mejor escribirás, porque la práctica es esencial para cualquier habilidad o arte. La mayoría de nosotros tenemos que esforzarnos mucho para encontrar tiempo para escribir todos los días , lo que hace que ese tiempo sea valioso. Elegir en qué trabajar durante esas preciosas horas (o minutos) es una de las decisiones más importantes que tomarás como escritor.

Te recomiendo encarecidamente que uses ese tiempo para trabajar en cuentos cortos, a menos que tengas un concepto muy claro y un camino a seguir para una novela.

He terminado 35 novelas. Muchas son horribles, algunas mediocres, y nueve se han publicado (hasta ahora). Una de las razones por las que he podido planificar, componer y vender tantas novelas es que escribo al menos un cuento al mes, sin falta. Empecé a hacerlo hace treinta años, y ahora tengo más de 500 cuentos escritos a mano en cuadernos. Cuando termino uno, inmediatamente empiezo otro.

Al igual que con mis novelas, la mayoría de estas no son geniales; he vendido alrededor de 40 a lo largo de los años, y la mayoría nunca salen de los cuadernos. Sin embargo, mi objetivo no es necesariamente escribir un cuento brillante y publicable; esos son un efecto secundario de mi verdadero objetivo, que es practicar . Probar cosas diferentes. Trabajar en una historia cada mes significa que puedo experimentar con un recurso narrativo durante un mes y luego capturar una idea que ha estado zumbando dentro de mi cabeza al siguiente. Después de eso, puedo escribir una historia centrada en un truco de diálogo que he pensado, y el mes siguiente puedo escribir mi versión de la historia de otra persona para poder desmenuzar su estilo, su mecánica, sus trucos y tics para ver qué se puede ver. Cada historia que escribo, mes tras mes, intento algo nuevo, algo en lo que tal vez no soy bueno, algo que no funcionará en absoluto , pero es de bajo riesgo, porque al final del mes escribo El Final y paso a la siguiente idea, el siguiente experimento, el siguiente desafío.

Esto ha tenido un efecto increíblemente positivo en mis obras más extensas. En primer lugar, algunos de estos experimentos dan lugar a ideas y escenarios que se desarrollan de forma natural en novelas; mi libro "No somos buenas personas" surgió, en última instancia, de un cuento bastante horrible escrito hace muchísimo tiempo, cuando creía que el mullet era un peinado aceptable. Y cada vez que me esfuerzo por escribir una historia de una manera nueva, o usando herramientas nuevas y desconocidas, recupero un leve eco de esa primera energía loca que me impulsó a escribir. Y el hecho de que cada día, sin falta, esté trabajando en una nueva historia significa que mi mente siempre está centrada en la escritura y en la mecánica de contar una historia, lo que me mantiene alerta.

La versión TL;DR es: Los cuentos son la clave. Así que, escritores, ¿cómo mantienen sus habilidades y mente ágiles incluso cuando su novela solo existe en 4000 notas adhesivas y un diario de sueños?

 


Jeff Somers

Jeff Somers ( www.jeffreysomers.com ) comenzó a escribir por orden judicial como un intento de dirigir sus impulsos creativos lejos de la ingeniería de grotescos genéticos. Ha publicado nueve novelas, incluyendo la serie Avery Cates de novelas de ciencia ficción negra de Orbit Books ( www.avery-cates.com ) y la serie Ustari Cycle de novelas de fantasía urbana. Su cuento Ringing the Changes fue seleccionado para su inclusión en Best American Mystery Stories 2006 , su historia Sift, Almost Invisible, Through apareció en la antología Crimes by Moonlight editada por Charlaine Harris, y su historia Three Cups of Tea apareció en la antología Hanzai Japan . También escribe sobre libros para Barnes and Noble y About.com y sobre el arte de escribir para Writer's Digest, que publicará su libro sobre el arte de escribir Writing Without Rules en 2018. Vive en Hoboken con su esposa, The Duchess, y sus gatos. Él considera que los pantalones siempre son opcionales.

Freewrite - Máquina de escribir inteligente sin distracciones

diciembre 30, 2025 3 lectura mínima

It’s Freewrite’s favorite time of year. When dictionaries around the world examine language use of the previous year and select a “Word of the Year.”

Of course, there are many different dictionaries in use in the English language, and they all have different ideas about what word was the most influential or saw the most growth in the previous year. They individually review new slang and culturally relevant vocabulary, examine spikes or dips in usage, and pour over internet trend data.

Let’s see what some of the biggest dictionaries decided for 2025. And read to the end for a chance to submit your own Word of the Year — and win a Freewrite gift card.

[SUBMIT YOUR WORD OF THE YEAR]


Merriam-Webster: "slop"

Merriam-Webster chose "slop" as its Word of the Year for 2025 to describe "all that stuff dumped on our screens, captured in just four letters."

The dictionary lists "absurd videos, off-kilter advertising images, cheesy propaganda, fake news that looks pretty real, junky AI-written books, 'workslop' reports that waste coworkers’ time … and lots of talking cats" as examples of slop.

The original sense of the word "slop" from the 1700s was “soft mud” and eventually evolved to mean "food waste" and "rubbish." 2025 linked the term to AI, and the rest is history.

Honorable mentions: conclave, gerrymander, touch grass, performative, tariff, 67.

Dictionary.com: "67"

The team at Dictionary.com likes to pick a word that serves as “a linguistic time capsule, reflecting social trends and global events that defined the year.”

For 2025, they decided that “word” was actually a number. Or two numbers, to be exact.

If you’re an old, like me, and don’t know many school-age children, you may not have heard “67” in use. (Note that this is not “sixty-seven,” but “six, seven.”)

Dictionary.com claims the origin of “67” is a song called “Doot Doot (6 7)” by Skrilla, quickly made infamous by viral TikTok videos, most notably featuring a child who will for the rest of his life be known as the “6-7 Kid.” But according to my nine-year-old cousin, the origins of something so mystical can’t ever truly be known.

(My third grade expert also demonstrated the accompanying signature hand gesture, where you place both hands palms up and alternately move up and down.)

And if you happen to find yourself in a fourth-grade classroom, watch your mouth, because there’s a good chance this term has been banned for the teacher’s sanity.

Annoyed yet? Don’t be. As Dictionary.com points out, 6-7 is a rather delightful example at how fast language can develop as a new generation joins the conversation.

Dictionary.com honorable mentions: agentic, aura farming, broligarchy, clanker, Gen Z stare, kiss cam, overtourism, tariff, tradwife.

Oxford Dictionary: "rage bait"

With input from more than 30,000 users and expert analysis, Oxford Dictionary chose "rage bait" for their word of the year.

Specifically, the dictionary pointed to 2025’s news cycle, online manipulation tactics, and growing awareness of where we spend our time and attention online.

While closely paralleling its etymological cousin "clickbait," rage bait more specifically denotes content that evokes anger, discord, or polarization.

Oxford's experts report that use of the term has tripled in the last 12 months.

Oxford Dictionary's honorable mentions:aura farming, biohack.

Cambridge Dictionary: "parasocial"

The Cambridge Dictionary examined a sustained trend of increased searches to choose "parasocial" as its Word of the Year.

Believe it or not, this term was coined by sociologists in 1956, combining “social” with the Greek-derived prefix para-, which in this case means “similar to or parallel to, but separate from.”

But interest in and use of the term exploded this year, finally moving from a mainly academic context to the mainstream.

Cambridge Dictionary's honorable mentions: slop, delulu, skibidi, tradwife

Freewrite: TBD

This year, the Freewrite Fam is picking our own Word of the Year.

Click below to submit what you think the Word of 2025 should be, and we'll pick one submission to receive a Freewrite gift card.

[SUBMIT HERE] 

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Sources

diciembre 18, 2025 5 lectura mínima

¿Qué pueden enseñar las cartas personales de Jane Austen a los escritores?

diciembre 10, 2025 6 lectura mínima

Singer-songwriter Abner James finds his creativity in the quiet freedom of analog tools. Learn how his creative process transcends different media.

Abner James went to school for film directing. But the success of the band he and his brother formed together, Eighty Ninety, knocked him onto a different trajectory.

The band has accrued more than 40 million streams since the release of their debut EP “Elizabeth," and their work was even co-signed by Taylor Swift when the singer added Eighty Ninety to her playlist "Songs Taylor Loves.”

Now, Abner is returning to long-form writing in addition to songwriting, and with a change in media comes an examination of the creative process. We sat down to chat about what's the same — and what's different. 

ANNIE COSBY: Tell us about your songwriting process.

ABNER JAMES: The way I tend to write my songs is hunched over a guitar and just seeing what comes. Sounds become words become shapes. It's a very physical process that is really about turning my brain off.

And one of the things that occurred to me when I was traveling, actually, was that I would love to be able to do that but from a writing perspective. What would happen if I sat down and approached writing in the same way that I approached music? In a more intuitive and free-form kind of way? What would that dig up?

AC: That's basically the ethos of Freewrite.

AJ: Yes. We had just put out a record, and I was thinking about how to get into writing for the next one. It occurred to me that regardless of how I started, I always finished on a screen. And I wondered: what's the acoustic guitar version of writing?

Where there's not blue light hitting me in the face. Even if I'm using my Notes app, it's the same thing. It really gets me into a different mindset.

 "I wondered: what's the acoustic guitar version of writing?"

I grew up playing piano. That was my first instrument. And I found an old typewriter at a thrift store, and I love it. It actually reminded me a lot of playing piano, the kind of physical, the feeling of it. And it was really fun, but pretty impractical, especially because I travel a fair amount.

And so I wondered, is there such a thing as a digital typewriter? And I googled it, and I found Freewrite.

AC: What about Freewrite helps you write?

AJ:I think, pragmatically, just the E Ink screen is a huge deal, because it doesn't exhaust me in the same way. And the idea of having a tool specifically set aside for the process is appealing in an aesthetic way but also a mental-emotional way. When it comes out, it's kind of like ... It's like having an office you work out of. It's just for that.

"The way I tend to write my songs is hunched over a guitar and just seeing what comes. Sounds become words become shapes. It's a very physical process that is really about turning my brain off."

And all of the pragmatic limitations — like you're not getting texts on it, and you're not doing all that stuff on the internet — that's really helpful, too. But just having the mindset....

When I pick up a guitar, or I sit down at the piano, it very much puts me into that space. Having a tool just for words does the same thing. I find that to be really cool and inspiring.

"When I pick up a guitar, or I sit down at the piano, it very much puts me into that space. Having a tool just for words does the same thing."

AC: So mentally it gets you ready for writing.

AJ: Yeah, and also, when you write a Microsoft Word, it looks so finished that it's hard to keep going. If every time I strummed a chord, I was hearing it back, mixed and mastered and produced...?

It's hard to stay in that space when I'm seeing it fully written out and formatted in, like, Times New Roman, looking all seriously back at me.

AC: I get that. I have terrible instincts to edit stuff over and over again and never finish a story.

AJ:  Also, the way you just open it and it's ready to go. So you don't have the stages of the computer turning on, that kind of puts this pressure, this tension on.

It's working at the edges in all these different ways that on their own could feel a little bit like it's not really necessary. All these amorphous things where you could look at it and be like, well, I don't really need any of those. But they add up to a critical mass that actually is significant.

And sometimes, if I want to bring it on a plane, I've found it's replaced reading for me. Rather than pick up a book or bring a book on the plane, I bring Traveler and just kind of hang out in that space and see if anything comes up.

I've found that it's kind of like writing songs on a different instrument, you get different styles of music that you wouldn't have otherwise. I've found that writing from words towards music, I get different kinds of songs than I have in the past, which has been interesting.

In that way, like sitting at a piano, you just write differently than you do on a guitar, or even a bass, because of the things those instruments tend to encourage or that they can do.

It feels almost like a little synthesizer, a different kind of instrument that has unlocked a different kind of approach for me.

"I've found that it's kind of like writing songs on a different instrument, you get different styles of music that you wouldn't have otherwise... [Traveler] feels almost like a little synthesizer, a different kind of instrument that has unlocked a different kind of approach for me."

AC: As someone who doesn't know the first thing about writing music, that's fascinating. It's all magic to me.

AJ: Yeah.

AC: What else are you interested in writing?

AJ: I went to school for film directing. That was kind of what I thought I was going to do. And then my brother and I started the band and that kind of happened first and knocked me onto a different track for a little while after college.

Growing up, though, writing was my way into everything. In directing, I wanted to be in control of the thing that I wrote. And in music, it was the same — the songwriting really feels like it came from that same place. And then the idea of writing longer form, like fiction, almost feels just like the next step from song to EP to album to novel.

For whatever reason, that started feeling like a challenge that would be deeply related to the kinds of work that we do in the studio.

AC: Do you have any advice for aspiring songwriters?

AJ: This sounds like a cliche, but it's totally true: whatever success that I've had as a songwriter — judge that for yourself — but whatever success I have had, has been directly proportional to just writing the song that I wanted to hear.

What I mean by that is, even if you're being coldly, cynically, late-stage capitalist about it, it's by far the most success I've had. The good news is that you don't have to choose. And in fact, when you start making those little compromises, or even begin to inch in that direction, it just doesn't work. So you can forget about it.

Just make music you want to hear. And that will be the music that resonates with most people.

I think there's a temptation to have an imaginary focus group in your head of like 500 people. But the problem is all those people are fake. They're not real. None of those people are actually real people. You're a focus group of one, you're one real person. There are more real people in that focus group than in the imaginary one.

And I just don't think that we're that different, in the end. So that would be my advice.

AC: That seems like generally great creative advice. Because fiction writers talk about that too, right? Do you write to market or do you write the book you want to read. Same thing. And that imaginary focus group has been debilitating for me. I have to silence that focus group before I can write.

AJ: Absolutely.

"I think there's a temptation to have an imaginary focus group in your head of like 500 people. But the problem is all those people are fake... You're a focus group of one, you're one real person. There are more real people in that focus group than in the imaginary one."

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Learn more about Abner James, his brother, and their band, Eighty Ninety, on Instagram.