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Una guía sobre símiles y metáforas

diciembre 20, 2018 | 6 lectura mínima

Una imagen vale más que mil palabras.

Hay un viejo dicho que dice que se puede transmitir mucha información con una sola imagen. Como escritor, generalmente no se cuenta con el beneficio de las imágenes para acompañar las palabras, así que, en cambio, se necesita encontrar maneras sencillas y efectivas de crear imágenes vívidas para los lectores. Idealmente, se busca que la escritura sea ricamente descriptiva, sin usar explicaciones demasiado largas.

Una forma de lograrlo es mediante símiles y metáforas. Ambas son formas de describir algo comparándolo con otra cosa, pero hay una sutil diferencia:

  • Un símil es cuando dices que algo es parecido a otra cosa.
  • Una metáfora es cuando dices que algo es otra cosa.

La mejor manera de entender cada método es examinar algunos ejemplos.

Símiles

De repente, se agitó de golpe, como una de esas figuras planas de madera que se mueven con una cuerda. (de Lord Jim, de Joseph Conrad)

¿Recuerdan esos juguetes? Sus extremidades tenían articulaciones en los hombros, codos, caderas y rodillas. Un tirón a la cuerda que colgaba de su espalda hacía que sus brazos y piernas volaran en todas direcciones. Al aplicar esta imagen mental a un cuerpo humano, pueden visualizar claramente la acción que Joseph Conrad describía.

Para entonces, Scarlett estaba furiosa, a punto de encabritarse como un caballo al contacto de una mano extraña y áspera en sus riendas. (De Lo que el viento se llevó, de Margaret Mitchell)

Margaret Mitchell podría haber dicho “Scarlett estaba muy enojada”, pero al compararla con un caballo que se asusta fácilmente, ha transmitido la naturaleza explosiva de la emoción que hierve justo debajo de la superficie, lista para estallar a la menor provocación.

Los conejillos de indias, despiertos y mordisqueando, emitían un sonido similar al de un paño húmedo frotado contra el vidrio al limpiar ventanas. (de Arrowsmith, de Sinclair Lewis)

Cualquiera que haya limpiado una ventana conoce el ruido característico que se produce al frotar un paño húmedo contra el cristal. Este peculiar símil hace que la frase sea mucho más interesante que si Sinclair Lewis simplemente hubiera dicho que los conejillos de indias chillaban.

“No tuve más remedio que cojear como una jirafa desequilibrada con mi único zapato plano y un tacón de diez centímetros.” (de El diablo viste de Prada, de Lauren Weisberger)

El uso de una jirafa en esta comparación es perfecto porque es muy fácil imaginar sus patas largas y desgarbadas y la forma en que una jirafa bebé lucha por controlar sus extremidades cuando se levanta por primera vez después de nacer.

Como se puede ver en estos ejemplos, el objeto que el escritor utiliza como comparación es algo que el lector puede identificar fácilmente y que crea una imagen mental distinta que atrae la memoria y la imaginación del lector.

Metáforas

“La vida es una autopista.” (de la canción de Tom Cochrane)
“La vida es una montaña rusa.” (de la canción de Ronan Keating)

Obviamente, la vida no es en realidad una autopista ni una montaña rusa, pero ambas metáforas transmiten que la vida es un viaje largo y tortuoso con altibajos. Tanto las autopistas como las montañas rusas evocan imágenes de aventura, emoción, miedo, euforia, comienzos y destinos. Ambas son algo por lo que se viaja y ofrecen diversas experiencias a lo largo del camino. A modo de comparación, la película Forrest Gump contiene el famoso símil: «La vida es como una caja de bombones».

“El amor es como una moto de nieve que corre por la tundra y de repente se da vuelta, atrapándote debajo.” (de Matt Groening, El gran libro del infierno)

Aunque comparar el amor con un accidente de moto de nieve pueda parecer una metáfora inusual, es efectiva. Sugiere que la adrenalina y la euforia al correr por la nieve son muy parecidas a la alegre sensación de descontrol que se siente al enamorarse perdidamente de alguien. Entonces, sin darte cuenta, te golpea la conmoción del compromiso y, de repente, te sientes atrapado.

El Sr. Neck irrumpe en clase como un toro persiguiendo treinta y tres banderas rojas. (de Speak, de Laurie Anderson)

Aunque el Sr. Neck no es realmente un toro, la imagen de él actuando como tal es muy evocadora: ojos desorbitados, fosas nasales dilatadas, resoplando y jadeando, y cada uno de sus treinta y tres estudiantes es una bandera roja que provoca su ira.

“La vida”, escribió un amigo mío, “es una interpretación pública del violín, en la que debes aprender a tocar el instrumento sobre la marcha”. (De Una habitación con vistas, de E. M. Forster)

Si alguna vez has escuchado a un violinista principiante, probablemente estés familiarizado con el doloroso chirrido que suele acompañar sus primeros intentos musicales. El violín es notoriamente difícil de aprender y puede llevar muchos años dominarlo, pero los resultados pueden ser gloriosos si se le dedica suficiente esfuerzo, lo que lo convierte en una excelente metáfora de la vida.

¿Qué luz entra por aquella ventana? ¡Es Oriente, y Julieta es el sol! (de Romeo y Julieta, de William Shakespeare)

No, Julieta no es una bola de gas en llamas. El sol sí lo es, pero es mucho más que eso. Es la fuente de toda vida. Proporciona energía solar para alimentar a las plantas, que a su vez alimentan a otras criaturas y crean oxígeno. Regula el ciclo del agua en nuestra atmósfera. Sin el sol, dejaríamos de existir. Y eso es lo que Romeo siente por Julieta. Ella lo es todo para él, y no puede sobrevivir sin ella. William Shakespeare podría haber usado un símil y decir que Julieta era como el sol, sugiriendo que era radiante y hermosa, pero eso habría sido mucho menos impactante.

Cómo usar símiles y metáforas

Sophie abrió la puerta trasera y salió al jardín. Hacía calor y humedad.

Ahora, utilicemos un símil y una metáfora para describir el mismo evento.

Símil: Sophie abrió la puerta trasera y salió al jardín. Fue como entrar en una sauna.

Metáfora: Sophie abrió la puerta trasera y salió. El jardín era una sauna.

Cualquier método funciona bien y es más interesante que simplemente decir que hacía calor y humedad. Tanto el símil como la metáfora invitan al lector a recordar la sensación de entrar en una sauna: el calor opresivo, denso y bochornoso que hace que el sudor corra por la espalda sin evaporarse.

Al utilizar símiles y metáforas, hay algunas cosas que debes evitar:

1. Comparaciones incómodas

Si dices: “El olor me golpeó como una roca que cae”, suena extraño porque un olor no es un objeto físico y porque los olores no caen del cielo.

2. Clichés usados ​​en exceso

Muchos símiles y metáforas son clichés, y deben usarse con moderación. Algunos ejemplos:

  • Muerto como un dodo
  • Terco como un toro
  • Silencioso como un ratón
  • Lloviendo a cántaros
  • La calma antes de la tormenta

3. Metáforas mixtas

Una metáfora mixta es aquella en la que se combinan dos o más metáforas incompatibles, a menudo con resultados ridículos.

“Señor, huelo algo raro; lo veo formándose en el aire y oscureciendo el cielo, pero lo cortaré de raíz.” (Atribuido a Sir Boyle Roche)

Sí, a ti te gusta hacer de Will Truman el tranquilo mientras que yo soy el loco e intenso. Bueno, cuando la cosa cambia, mira quién es el bueno y quién el malo. (Grace Adler de Will & Grace)

“No me gusta. Cuando abran esa caja de Pandora, la encontrarán llena de caballos de Troya.” (Ernest Bevin, Ministro de Asuntos Exteriores del Partido Laborista)

4. Uso excesivo

Como todo lo bueno, los símiles y las metáforas deben usarse con moderación. Si usas varios por párrafo, probablemente sean demasiados. Úsalos con moderación para lograr el máximo efecto.

Eso es todo lo que necesitas saber sobre cuándo usar metáforas y símiles en tus escritos. ¿Tienes alguna metáfora o símil del que estés especialmente orgulloso? ¡Cuéntanoslo en los comentarios!


Acerca del autor:

Claire Wilkins es redactora y editora freelance de Nueva Zelanda. Le encanta escribir sobre viajes, salud, hogar y la puntuación correcta. Tras una trayectoria de casi tres décadas en servicios financieros, Claire dejó atrás el mundo corporativo para fundar Unmistakable, su empresa de redacción y edición. Crea textos para sitios web, blogs y boletines informativos para agencias creativas y pequeñas empresas. se especializa En pulir el contenido existente hasta que brille. En su tiempo libre, Claire disfruta observando nubes, cantando en el coche y editando vídeos. Puedes encontrarla en www.unmistakable.co.nz y https://www.facebook.com/UnmistakableNZ/.

noviembre 29, 2025 4 lectura mínima

The Great Freewrite Séance: A Ghost'ly Charity Auction Full Terms & Conditions

These Terms and Conditions (“Terms”) govern participation in The Great Freewrite Séance: A Ghost'ly Charity Auction (“Auction”), organized by Freewrite (“Organizer,” “we,” “us,” or “our”). By registering for, bidding in, or otherwise participating in the Auction, you (“Participant,” “Bidder,” or “Winner”) agree to be bound by these Terms.

1. Auction Overview

1.1. The Auction offers for sale a limited number of Freewrite Traveler Ghost Edition units (“Items” or “Ghost Traveler units”), each personally signed and drawn on by a featured author.

1.2. All proceeds, net of explicitly disclosed administrative costs, will be donated to the charity or charitable initiative (“Charity”) identified on each auction item’s page, as chosen by the respective author.

2. Eligibility

2.1. Participants must be at least 18 years old or the age of majority in their jurisdiction, whichever is higher.

2.2. Employees of Freewrite, the participating authors, or any affiliates directly involved in the Auction are not eligible to bid.

2.3. By participating, you represent that you are legally permitted to take part in online auctions and to pay for any bids you win.

3. Auction Registration

3.1. Participants must create an account on the auction platform or otherwise register using accurate, current, and complete information.

3.2. Freewrite reserves the right to verify identity and to disqualify any Participant who provides false or misleading information.

4. Bidding Rules

4.1. All bids are binding, final, and non-retractable.

4.2. Bidders are responsible for monitoring their bids; Freewrite is not liable for missed notifications or technical issues on the auction platform or the Participant’s device.

4.3. Freewrite reserves the right to:

  • set minimum bids or bid increments;
  • reject bids deemed in bad faith or intended to disrupt the Auction;
  • extend, pause, or cancel the Auction in case of technical difficulties, fraud, or events beyond reasonable control.

5. Winning Bids and Payment

5.1. The highest valid bid at the close of the Auction is the Winning Bid, and the corresponding Participant becomes the Winner.

5.2. Winners will receive payment instructions and must complete payment within 48 hours of the auction’s close unless otherwise stated.

5.3. Failure to complete payment on time may result in forfeiture, and Freewrite may offer the Item to the next highest bidder.

5.4. Accepted payment methods will be listed on the Auction platform. All payments must be made in the currency specified.

6. Item Description and Condition

6.1. Each Ghost Traveler unit is authentic, and the signatures, doodles, and messages are original works created by the participating author. These are authors, not artists. By bidding on the Item, you acknowledge that you are receiving a one-of-a-kind unit marked with unique art and messages and you agree to these terms and conditions.

6.2. Because Items are customized and signed by hand, variations, imperfections, or unique marks are to be expected. These are considered part of the Item’s character and not defects.

6.3. Items are provided “as-is” and “as-available.” Freewrite makes no warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.

7. Shipping & Delivery

7.1. Shipping costs, import duties, and taxes may apply unless explicitly stated otherwise.

7.2. Freewrite will make reasonable efforts to ship Items within the estimated timeline but cannot guarantee delivery dates.

7.3. Title and risk of loss transfer to the Winner upon delivery to the carrier.

7.4. Freewrite is not responsible for delays, damage, or loss caused by the courier or customs agencies.

8. Charity Donation

8.1. Net proceeds from the Auction will be donated to the Charity designated on each Item page.

8.2. Donation amounts and recipients may be disclosed publicly unless prohibited by law.

8.3. Winners acknowledge that they are purchasing Items, not making a tax-deductible donation to Freewrite; therefore, Winners will not receive charitable tax receipts unless Freewrite explicitly states otherwise in compliance with applicable laws.

9. Intellectual Property

9.1. All trademarks, brand names, product names, and creative materials associated with Freewrite and the Ghost Traveler remain the exclusive property of Freewrite or their respective rights holders.

9.2. Participants may not reproduce, distribute, or publicly display the authors’ doodles without permission where such rights are applicable, except as allowed by law (e.g., resale of the physical Item).

10. Privacy

10.1. By participating, you consent to Freewrite’s collection, use, and storage of your personal data in accordance with our Privacy Policy.

10.2. Freewrite may publicly announce auction results, including Winner’s first name, last initial, city, state/country, and winning bid amount unless prohibited by law or unless you formally request anonymity when possible.

11. Prohibited Conduct

Participants may not:

  • engage in bid manipulation, fraud, or collusive bidding;
  • use automated systems (bots, scripts, scrapers) to place or monitor bids;
  • interfere with the Auction, platform, or other participants

Freewrite may ban or disqualify any Participant violating these rules.

12. Limitation of Liability

To the fullest extent permitted by law:

12.1. Freewrite is not liable for indirect, incidental, special, or consequential damages arising from the Auction or purchase of Items.

12.2. Freewrite’s total liability in connection with these Terms shall not exceed the amount of the Winning Bid actually paid by the Participant.

12.3. Freewrite is not responsible for technical malfunctions, internet outages, system failures, or other issues beyond its control.

13. Cancellation and Force Majeure

Freewrite may cancel, postpone, or modify the Auction due to unforeseen circumstances, including but not limited to natural disasters, system failures, strikes, or events affecting participating authors or the Charity.

14. Governing Law & Dispute Resolution

14.1. These Terms are governed by the laws of Michigan, without regard to conflict-of-law rules.

14.2. Any disputes arising under these Terms will be resolved through binding arbitration or the courts of the specified jurisdiction, as applicable.

14.3. Participants waive any right to participate in class-action lawsuits relating to the Auction.

15. Amendments

Freewrite may update these Terms at any time. Continued participation in the Auction after updates constitutes acceptance of the revised Terms.

16. Contact Information

For questions or concerns regarding the Auction or these Terms, contact: hello@getfreewrite.com.

noviembre 25, 2025 1 lectura mínima

This is a great gratitude writing exercise to be done alone or in a group, with people of any age.

How to Play

    1. Designate someone to read out each prompt below. (Feel free to add your own prompts.)
    2. After each prompt is read, set a timer for one minute. (With younger kids, this can be shortened. For older folks who want to freewrite meaningfully, more time can be added.)
    3. Each person freewrites by finishing the sentence and elaborating until the timer goes off. (For little kids, this can be done verbally with an adult recording their answers. Hilarity will ensue.)
    4. Remeber that freewriting — allowing yourself to write with abandon — enables you to let go, tapping into your subconscious to explore your thoughts more deeply.
    5. When everyone is done with all the prompts, take turns going through some your answers. Some people may be eager to share. Others may not want to. Respect their decision.

The Prompts

  • I'm grateful for... [After you've finished this prompt, repeat it five times. Challenge yourself and others not to repeat a singe word with each new answer.]
  • The silliest thing I'm grateful for is...
  • The littlest thing I'm grateful for is...
  • The biggest thing I'm grateful for is...
  • The grossest thing I'm grateful for is...
  • One thing I love about myself is...
  • My favorite thing that happened this year was...
  • My hope for next year is...

This writing exercise has resulted in some sweet answers — and many hilarious ones, too. If you try it out, do let us know.

Write on.

noviembre 21, 2025 4 lectura mínima

For the release of Sailfish, our new firmware update for Smart Typewriter Gen3 and Traveler, we created a brand-new boot-up animation to surprise and delight our writers.

We worked with talented Danish animator Mathias Lynge to bring our experience of the writer's journey to life.

We had a blast visualizing the writer's journey in this new way. Our engineers also had a blast (or something less than a blast) figuring out how to adjust this fun, playful animation to E Ink's very tricky specifications. Hello, refresh rate woes! But we think the result is pretty fun.

"The little animation made my day when I noticed. I love a good flourish."

- Freewrite user

The process of creating this animation was long and full of Zoom calls where we deeply discussed the writing process. We were struck through those conversations by how much overlap there is in creative processes of all disciplines.

So we sat down to chat with Mathias about his creative process and what it's like being a full-time animator.

ANNIE COSBY: Let's start with the basics. What kind of art do you make?

MATHIAS LYNGE: I'm a 2D animator and motion designer working freelance with a wide range of clients. The style varies depending on the project, but it’s usually either a hand-drawn look animated frame-by-frame on a drawing tablet, or a more digital, vectorized look made in After Effects.

While much of what I do is commercial work, I try to keep up with my own passion projects as well. That could be a 10-second Instagram loop of a nature scene, or an interesting character design I’ve sketched down with a pencil. It’s there that I get to sharpen my skills and try out new techniques, which often find their way into later client projects.

AC: You often share educational content on social media for other artists. Are you formally trained, or did you teach yourself?

ML: I’m mostly self-taught. I’ve been drawing for as long as I can remember, but it wasn’t until I went to university that I realized drawing could become a career.

When I first heard terms like “motion design” and “The 12 Principles of Animation” I was on a student exchange program at UCSB in California, where I had chosen a class called "Introduction to Animation." It was a big eye-opener for me, and from that point I was hooked.

But it’s mainly been online YouTube tutorials and my existing drawing experience that have taught me what I know.

Now, I have a big presence on social media, where I share my art as well as educational content centered around animation in Adobe After Effects, so I guess you could say that I'm also an animation influencer!

I’ve been drawing for as long as I can remember, but it wasn’t until I went to university that I realized drawing could become a career.

AC: That's actually how I first found your work. Do you have any specific artists who inspire you?

ML:In the world of 2D animation, I have a list of personal heroes that inspire me with their unique style: Reece Parker, Ariel Costa a.k.a. BlinkMyBrain, and Tony Babel, to name a few.

I also find a lot of inspiration from illustrators and painters I discover online, on platforms such as Pinterest. Last year I made a sparkling water animation that was heavily inspired by Cornwall-based artist Gordon Hunt. He makes these beautiful nature-inspired pointillist paintings that capture how light hits the ocean using colorful dots of paint. I tried to recreate that effect using After Effects to bring it to life, and it led me to a whole new way of animating within the program.

AC: Where else do you draw inspiration to create your work?

ML: I’m heavily inspired by the nature and cityscapes around me in Copenhagen, and I find that taking long walks through parks or down the streets of my neighborhood really sparks my imagination.

I’ll often carry around a sketchbook to quickly scribble down an idea or a loose sketch of something I find interesting, such as seeing how the light from a lamppost hits the surrounding leaves, or how the wind moves the tree in a certain way.

Then I’ll think to myself, “I wonder if I can recreate that motion using a specific technique in After Effects?”

I’m heavily inspired by the nature and cityscapes around me in Copenhagen...

AC: What does your daily routine look like as a full-time artist?

ML: It varies a lot, but I’m usually either working hard on a client project or tinkering away with a new animation tutorial for my social media channels.

I love being able to switch between the two, and when I’m going through a client dry spell, I find that staying creative and posting animation-related content helps keep me inspired while also putting things out into the world that may lead to my next client down the road.

AC: What's your #1 piece of advice for animators new to the industry?

ML: Keep experimenting and trying out new techniques. There’s no such thing as running out of creativity, and even though many of the things you try don’t necessarily go anywhere, it’s all experience that adds up and expands your toolbox. It’s a muscle that needs to be worked out regularly.

Plus, you’ll have more awesome animation to choose from when you’re putting together your next showreel or portfolio!

There’s no such thing as running out of creativity...

AC: What's one fun fact about you completely unrelated to animation?

ML:I’m a big sucker for history podcasts, especially if they are about ancient civilizations, such as The History of Rome by Mike Duncan.

I find it fascinating to hear how mankind was able to build such great empires without ever knowing what electricity, cars, or the internet are.

--

Follow along on Mathias's creative journey and find his free educational content on Instagram.

To learn more about working together, find him on LinkedIn or visit his website at www.mathiaslynge.com.

Learn more about Sailfish here.