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El mito más peligroso sobre la escritura

julio 11, 2017 | 6 lectura mínima


La publicación invitada de hoy es de la editora y autora Susan DeFreitas ( @manzanitafire ), cuya novela debut, Hot Season , ganó el premio IPPY de oro de 2017 a la mejor ficción de Mountain-West.


Basándome en los encuentros que he tenido como autor y editor, diría que es más raro encontrar a alguien que no quiera escribir un libro que a alguien que sí quiera.

Muchos soñadores ni siquiera empiezan. Pero también hay muchísimos aspirantes a autores que empiezan a escribir un libro y nunca encuentran la manera de terminarlo.

Algunos escritores pierden el hilo de una novela porque carecen de sentido del panorama general, de la historia en su conjunto.

Algunos abandonan sus proyectos de escritura porque les falta la disciplina para reservar tiempo para escribir.

Pero hay muchos escritores que fracasan no porque no estén hechos para escribir, sino porque sí lo están, en la medida en que son perfeccionistas. Pero ese perfeccionismo ha sido infundado.

Es por eso que considero que la idea de que uno debe repasar mientras está redactando un libro es el mito más peligroso sobre la escritura.

La gran novela americana (no escrita)

En 2000, la tinta de mi título en escritura creativa aún no estaba seca, pero estaba trabajando en la Gran Novela Americana.

Para mí, a los veintidós años, esto implicaba trabajar en una tienda de bagels y pasar mucho tiempo en Coyote Joe's, mi bar local, pero a pesar de mis excesos juveniles, trabajé constantemente en la novela que tenía en mente.

Claro, fue una epopeya extensa, y claro, mi alcance excedió mi capacidad (¡por un kilómetro, al menos!). Pero el libro no fracasó por falta de visión, ni fracasó porque dejara de escribir; de hecho, trabajé diligentemente en él durante los siguientes diez años de mi vida.

Esa novela fracasó porque cada vez que algo parecía fuera de lugar, volvía al principio y lo revisaba.

El poder de los plazos

Hay una verdad perenne que conocen los estudiantes de posgrado y los periodistas: una fecha límite inminente hará que realmente termines un trabajo escrito, sin importar cuán épicos o ambiciosos puedan ser tus objetivos.

Cuando volví a la escuela a los treinta y dos años, ya no tenía el lujo de revisar hasta el infinito, porque tenía que entregar veinte páginas de trabajo nuevo cada dos semanas.

Y, sin embargo, trabajaba con gente relativamente famosa, que podría echarme una mano si les gustaba mi trabajo. El incentivo para producir prosa refinada era alto.

¿Pero cómo podría producir un trabajo pulido en sólo dos semanas?

Mi solución fue sencilla: trabajaba doce horas al día. No había abandonado mi hábito perfeccionista de revisar mientras escribía, simplemente había encontrado la manera de adaptarme a él (eliminando casi todo lo demás importante de mi vida).

Como resultado, produje un trabajo pulido (aunque descarté gran parte de él más adelante; véase la nota del editor, más abajo). Y tal vez, solo tal vez, logré impresionar a alguien, si no con mi trabajo, al menos con mi ética laboral.

Pero lo que perdí en el proceso fue el placer de escribir.

¿Recuerdas cuando escribir era divertido?

De niño, no me daba miedo escribir. Entre las páginas de mis cuadernos, los mundos de fantasía cobraban vida y los "amigos imaginarios" se hacían realidad. Siempre buscaba una excusa para hacer novillos (sobre todo si tenía que ver con las tareas o los quehaceres del hogar).

Después de graduarme, me pregunté: “¿Cuándo se convirtió escribir en algo que odio?”

Me di cuenta de que este cambio se produjo cuando intenté perfeccionar un texto, terminarlo, en un plazo demasiado corto. Pero ese breve lapso —la imponente fecha límite— fue lo que finalmente me permitió terminarlo.

¿Cómo puedo hacer que escribir vuelva a ser divertido y, al mismo tiempo, producir un trabajo publicable?

Para mí, la respuesta fue esta: deja de revisar mientras escribes. Separa el borrador de la revisión. Y reconsidera tus herramientas.

Primera parte: Deja de revisar mientras escribes

¿Recuerdan mi Gran Novela Americana (No Escrita)? Está languideciendo en el fondo de mi disco duro porque no podía dejar de volver al principio y revisarla. Lo cual, aunque me daba la ilusión de progreso, me impedía hacer nada más que avanzar poco a poco.

De vez en cuando puede ser útil recordar dónde has estado con tu novela y las promesas que le has hecho al lector; también es útil recordar cómo suena la voz del protagonista o narrador.

Pero tome esto de alguien que sacrificó años de su vida al servicio de un manuscrito fallido: ese bumerán que lo envía una y otra vez al principio probablemente nunca le dará el impulso suficiente para escribir hasta el final.

Y a menudo, solo al llegar al final de tu libro sabes, de verdad, cómo debería empezar. Así que, por muy pulidas que estén tus primeras páginas, puede que al final tengas que descartarlas.

Segunda parte: Separar la redacción de la revisión

Cuando hablo de borrador , me refiero al proceso de crear una obra nueva. Con revisión , me refiero al proceso de mejorarla: añadirle, eliminarle, reformularla y mejorarla.

Los expertos en productividad nos dicen que somos menos eficientes cuando cambiamos constantemente de tarea , y no hace falta ser un neurocientífico para saber que redactar y revisar utilizan partes muy diferentes del cerebro. (El primero generalmente implica tirar espaguetis a la pared; el segundo implica decidir qué se pega).

Como consecuencia, alternar entre estas dos tareas en la misma sesión tiende a ser no sólo ineficiente sino frustrante, y como es difícil hacer bien ambas tareas, nunca se logra el estado de flujo sin esfuerzo.

Ese es otro término que a los gurús de la productividad les gusta usar. Pero escritores, ya saben de qué hablo: el estado de fluidez al redactar es cuando la siguiente palabra, la siguiente frase, el siguiente movimiento de la historia, es claro; el estado de fluidez al revisar es cuando se puede distinguir fácilmente qué funciona y qué no (y cómo abordar esto último).

Si quieres trabajar de forma eficiente y con menos frustración, mi consejo es separar estas dos tareas tanto como sea humanamente posible.

Parte tres: Reconsidere sus herramientas

Cuando decidí que escribir volvería a ser divertido, probé todo tipo de trucos orientados al proceso. Algunos funcionaron y otros no, pero una de las estrategias más útiles que encontré fue escribir a mano.

Al abrir un documento de Word, lo primero que ves es el principio. Si eres perfeccionista —y para tener éxito escribiendo, creo que debes serlo— es difícil no dejarse llevar. (¿Qué más da un pequeño retoque aquí y allá?)

Descubrí que el fiel cuaderno de composición de mi infancia no funcionaba así. Abría lo último que había escrito, no lo primero, y al hacerlo, encontraba el hilo con más facilidad (sobre todo si había tomado algunas notas la última vez que escribí, sobre lo que vendría después).

Claro que escribir a mano es más lento que escribir en computadora. Así que si encuentras una manera de escribir —con una máquina de escribir, con tecnología como Freewrite o simplemente con la fuerza de voluntad necesaria para empezar por el final de tu documento de Word, en lugar de por el principio— tendrás lo mejor de ambos mundos.

Nota del editor

Todo lo que he aprendido a lo largo de mi trayectoria como escritor ha sido respaldado por lo que he aprendido en mi carrera como editor de libros independiente.

En Indigo Editing & Publications, trabajamos con autores a lo largo de tres rondas distintas de edición: una edición de desarrollo, una edición de línea y una corrección de pruebas.

Es decir, no eliminamos una coma, cuestionamos la elección de una palabra ni pedimos que se aclare una sola imagen hasta que la historia esté completamente definida. Hacerlo sería una pérdida de dinero para el cliente y de nuestro tiempo, ya que la palabra, frase o imagen en cuestión podría no aparecer en el siguiente borrador.

Así como a los escritores les conviene separar la redacción de la revisión, a la revisión le conviene separar el trabajo en la historia del trabajo en el lenguaje en sí. Puede ser difícil, pero es, sin duda, la forma más eficiente de trabajar.

En conclusión

Ciertamente, toda regla tiene sus excepciones, y hay autores exitosos que revisan meticulosamente sus textos al redactar sus nuevas obras (Zadie Smith es un buen ejemplo). Pero, en mi experiencia, estos escritores son la excepción.

Quienes tienen éxito en publicar son generalmente aquellos que han aprendido a entrar de forma fiable en un estado de flujo, tanto en el borrador como en la revisión, y en la mayoría de los casos, han aprendido a hacerlo separando el borrador de la revisión.

Claro, me interesa tu opinión al respecto. ¿Cuándo te ha resultado más divertido escribir? ¿Cómo te ha beneficiado (o te ha frenado) el perfeccionismo como escritor? ¿Y cuál es el truco de escritura más útil que has encontrado?


Autora Susan DeFreitas

Autora, editora y educadora, la obra creativa de Susan DeFreitas ha aparecido (o se publicará próximamente) en The Writer's Chronicle, The Utne Reader, Story, Southwestern American Literature y Weber—The Contemporary West , además de en más de veinte revistas y antologías. Es autora de la novela Hot Season (Harvard Square Editions), ganadora del Premio IPPY de Oro 2017 a la Mejor Ficción del Oeste Montañoso. Obtuvo una maestría en Bellas Artes por la Universidad del Pacífico y reside en Portland, Oregón, donde trabaja como editora en Indigo Editing & Publications.

diciembre 18, 2025 5 lectura mínima

¿Qué pueden enseñar las cartas personales de Jane Austen a los escritores?

diciembre 10, 2025 6 lectura mínima

Singer-songwriter Abner James finds his creativity in the quiet freedom of analog tools. Learn how his creative process transcends different media.

Abner James went to school for film directing. But the success of the band he and his brother formed together, Eighty Ninety, knocked him onto a different trajectory.

The band has accrued more than 40 million streams since the release of their debut EP “Elizabeth," and their work was even co-signed by Taylor Swift when the singer added Eighty Ninety to her playlist "Songs Taylor Loves.”

Now, Abner is returning to long-form writing in addition to songwriting, and with a change in media comes an examination of the creative process. We sat down to chat about what's the same — and what's different. 

ANNIE COSBY: Tell us about your songwriting process.

ABNER JAMES: The way I tend to write my songs is hunched over a guitar and just seeing what comes. Sounds become words become shapes. It's a very physical process that is really about turning my brain off.

And one of the things that occurred to me when I was traveling, actually, was that I would love to be able to do that but from a writing perspective. What would happen if I sat down and approached writing in the same way that I approached music? In a more intuitive and free-form kind of way? What would that dig up?

AC: That's basically the ethos of Freewrite.

AJ: Yes. We had just put out a record, and I was thinking about how to get into writing for the next one. It occurred to me that regardless of how I started, I always finished on a screen. And I wondered: what's the acoustic guitar version of writing?

Where there's not blue light hitting me in the face. Even if I'm using my Notes app, it's the same thing. It really gets me into a different mindset.

 "I wondered: what's the acoustic guitar version of writing?"

I grew up playing piano. That was my first instrument. And I found an old typewriter at a thrift store, and I love it. It actually reminded me a lot of playing piano, the kind of physical, the feeling of it. And it was really fun, but pretty impractical, especially because I travel a fair amount.

And so I wondered, is there such a thing as a digital typewriter? And I googled it, and I found Freewrite.

AC: What about Freewrite helps you write?

AJ:I think, pragmatically, just the E Ink screen is a huge deal, because it doesn't exhaust me in the same way. And the idea of having a tool specifically set aside for the process is appealing in an aesthetic way but also a mental-emotional way. When it comes out, it's kind of like ... It's like having an office you work out of. It's just for that.

"The way I tend to write my songs is hunched over a guitar and just seeing what comes. Sounds become words become shapes. It's a very physical process that is really about turning my brain off."

And all of the pragmatic limitations — like you're not getting texts on it, and you're not doing all that stuff on the internet — that's really helpful, too. But just having the mindset....

When I pick up a guitar, or I sit down at the piano, it very much puts me into that space. Having a tool just for words does the same thing. I find that to be really cool and inspiring.

"When I pick up a guitar, or I sit down at the piano, it very much puts me into that space. Having a tool just for words does the same thing."

AC: So mentally it gets you ready for writing.

AJ: Yeah, and also, when you write a Microsoft Word, it looks so finished that it's hard to keep going. If every time I strummed a chord, I was hearing it back, mixed and mastered and produced...?

It's hard to stay in that space when I'm seeing it fully written out and formatted in, like, Times New Roman, looking all seriously back at me.

AC: I get that. I have terrible instincts to edit stuff over and over again and never finish a story.

AJ:  Also, the way you just open it and it's ready to go. So you don't have the stages of the computer turning on, that kind of puts this pressure, this tension on.

It's working at the edges in all these different ways that on their own could feel a little bit like it's not really necessary. All these amorphous things where you could look at it and be like, well, I don't really need any of those. But they add up to a critical mass that actually is significant.

And sometimes, if I want to bring it on a plane, I've found it's replaced reading for me. Rather than pick up a book or bring a book on the plane, I bring Traveler and just kind of hang out in that space and see if anything comes up.

I've found that it's kind of like writing songs on a different instrument, you get different styles of music that you wouldn't have otherwise. I've found that writing from words towards music, I get different kinds of songs than I have in the past, which has been interesting.

In that way, like sitting at a piano, you just write differently than you do on a guitar, or even a bass, because of the things those instruments tend to encourage or that they can do.

It feels almost like a little synthesizer, a different kind of instrument that has unlocked a different kind of approach for me.

"I've found that it's kind of like writing songs on a different instrument, you get different styles of music that you wouldn't have otherwise... [Traveler] feels almost like a little synthesizer, a different kind of instrument that has unlocked a different kind of approach for me."

AC: As someone who doesn't know the first thing about writing music, that's fascinating. It's all magic to me.

AJ: Yeah.

AC: What else are you interested in writing?

AJ: I went to school for film directing. That was kind of what I thought I was going to do. And then my brother and I started the band and that kind of happened first and knocked me onto a different track for a little while after college.

Growing up, though, writing was my way into everything. In directing, I wanted to be in control of the thing that I wrote. And in music, it was the same — the songwriting really feels like it came from that same place. And then the idea of writing longer form, like fiction, almost feels just like the next step from song to EP to album to novel.

For whatever reason, that started feeling like a challenge that would be deeply related to the kinds of work that we do in the studio.

AC: Do you have any advice for aspiring songwriters?

AJ: This sounds like a cliche, but it's totally true: whatever success that I've had as a songwriter — judge that for yourself — but whatever success I have had, has been directly proportional to just writing the song that I wanted to hear.

What I mean by that is, even if you're being coldly, cynically, late-stage capitalist about it, it's by far the most success I've had. The good news is that you don't have to choose. And in fact, when you start making those little compromises, or even begin to inch in that direction, it just doesn't work. So you can forget about it.

Just make music you want to hear. And that will be the music that resonates with most people.

I think there's a temptation to have an imaginary focus group in your head of like 500 people. But the problem is all those people are fake. They're not real. None of those people are actually real people. You're a focus group of one, you're one real person. There are more real people in that focus group than in the imaginary one.

And I just don't think that we're that different, in the end. So that would be my advice.

AC: That seems like generally great creative advice. Because fiction writers talk about that too, right? Do you write to market or do you write the book you want to read. Same thing. And that imaginary focus group has been debilitating for me. I have to silence that focus group before I can write.

AJ: Absolutely.

"I think there's a temptation to have an imaginary focus group in your head of like 500 people. But the problem is all those people are fake... You're a focus group of one, you're one real person. There are more real people in that focus group than in the imaginary one."

--

Learn more about Abner James, his brother, and their band, Eighty Ninety, on Instagram.

noviembre 29, 2025 4 lectura mínima

The Great Freewrite Séance: A Ghost'ly Charity Auction Full Terms & Conditions

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